PMC

a FOE + HRP; (b) FOE + SOD; (c) turbidity of FOE + HRP; **: differences were highly significant before and after incubation, p < 0.01; (d) turbidity of FOE + SOD; (e) enzyme activity of HRP in FOE and solution, **: differences were highly significant between HRP aqueous solution and HRP dissolved in the FOE, p < 0.01; (f) enzyme activity of SOD in FOE and solution, **: differences were highly significant between SOD aqueous solution and SOD dissolved in the FOE, p < 0.01. The error bars represent standard deviation.

(A) Mean voltage vs. FOE position for axial-force measurement using two different wire lengths. (B) Axial force and pitching moment of tethered flies vs. the FOE position. (C) Mean voltage vs. the FOE position for side-force measurements using three different wire lengths. (D) Rolling moments vs. the FOE positions. (E) Side forces vs. the FOE positions.

Spatiotemporal integration during parallel FOE selection. The tracked FOE was first determined based on the prediction errors for each FOE using the temporal kernel estimated during single-flow conditions. Data of the parallel FOEs stimulus were reorganized to parallel tracked and untracked FOE datasets and analyzed analogously to the single-flow data. (A) Temporal kernels for all data (gray) or saccade-triggered (turquoise) for the tracked FOE. Kernels for the untracked FOE are shown as opaque and dashed lines. (B) Foveocentric integration weights for the central of the visual field for the tracked FOE.

Yellow arrows indicate fish oil droplets. Red arrows indicate precipitates of HRP. Diagram (a) FOE droplets on Day 3 (Scalebar 1 µm); (b) droplets in FOE + HRP sample on Day 3 (Scalebar 200 nm); (c) droplets in FOE + SOD sample on Day 3 (Scalebar 1 µm); (d) FOE droplets on Day 7 (Scalebar 1 µm); (e) microdroplets emerged in FOE + HRP sample on Day 7 (Scalebar 2 µm); (f) droplets in FOE + SOD sample remained the same on Day 7 (Scalebar 2 µm); (g) the HRP precipitates in FOE + HRP sample on Day 7 (Scalebar 2 µm).